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Diarrhoea

Medical Cannabis and Diarrhoea

Diarrhoea is when stools are loose and watery, and when bowel movements are more frequent than usual. It’s incredibly common, with most people experiencing it from time to time. 

Diarrhoea is when stools are loose and watery, and when bowel movements are more frequent than usual. It’s incredibly common, with most people experiencing it from time to time. 

Short-term diarrhoea is usually caused by a sickness bug or food poisoning and tends to pass on its own within a few days. 

However, chronic diarrhoea, which is diarrhoea that persists or keeps coming back, is a common symptom of long-term gastroenterological conditions including irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and coeliac disease. Diarrhoea can also be a symptom of endometriosis, which often affects the bowel, and it’s sometimes a side-effect of medication e.g. those used to treat HIV. 

There’s also a strong link between the gut and the brain, so diarrhoea can sometimes be caused by anxiety, stress or depression.

Some promising studies suggest medical cannabis may be able to help patients with a wide range of conditions manage gut symptoms, including diarrhoea. The THC in medical cannabis is thought to interact with the gut’s endocannabinoid system to slow down gut motility, which may explain why some patients find that medical cannabis reduces diarrhoea and stomach cramps. 

Research also indicates that medical cannabis could help some patients manage depression and anxiety, which might help some people whose gut symptoms are impacting their mental health, or vice versa. 

If you want to learn more and find out whether you may be eligible for medical cannabis, our medical cannabis eligibility checker is fast and free. 

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FAQs

Stop the cannabis stigma with these useful FAQs. Have a question, reach out to us.
  1. Yes, patients legally prescribed medical cannabis in the UK can drive, provided that they:

    • Are not impaired in any way
    • Can prove that the cannabis medication has been legally prescribed
    • Are taking their prescribed cannabis medication as directed by your specialist consultant 

    The Cannabis Industry Council (CIC) states that as long as the above criteria are met, legally prescribed medical cannabis patients have a legal defence, even if they have over 2μg/L of THC in their blood and are subsequently arrested/charged.
    That said, it is the patient’s responsibility to judge whether they are fit to drive before getting behind the wheel.
    If you like to learn more, head to our medical cannabis and driving guide.

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Learn more about diarrhoea and medical cannabis

What causes long term diarrhoea?

Diarrhoea that persists or reoccurs frequently is often caused by a gastroenterological condition, including IBS, Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis and coeliac disease. 

There’s a specific subtype of IBS (called IBS-D) that’s characterised by diarrhoea and usually triggered by certain foods, caffeine or alcohol, or stress or anxiety. In Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis, diarrhoea is caused by inflammation of the intestines, which prevents them from absorbing water and nutrients as they should and causes waste to move through the gut too quickly. In coeliac disease, diarrhoea happens when the patient ingests gluten, and the body reacts by attacking the lining of the small intestine. 

Diarrhoea can also be a symptom of endometriosis. This is due to higher levels of chronic inflammation around the pelvic and abdominal organs, as well as due to surges in the hormone-like chemicals called prostaglandins, which make the bowel contract and pass waste more quickly than it should. This is why endometriosis can often be mistaken for IBS at first. 

Diarrhoea may also be caused by mental health issues such as depression and anxiety because stress hormones can trigger a ‘fight or flight’ response that speeds up gut motility. 

Patients with HIV may experience diarrhoea as a side-effect of medication. This usually goes away after a few weeks, but may be persistent for some individuals. 

Can medical cannabis help

There’s promising evidence to suggest that medical cannabis could help certain patients manage symptoms of IBS, Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis, including diarrhoea. 

This is thought to be due to the THC in medical cannabis, which can bind to cannabinoid receptors in the digestive tract to reduce contractions, slowing down gut motility and reducing diarrhoea. It may also be able to interact with the receptors in a way that helps dampen pain signalling, which might help people experiencing stomach pain and cramping alongside diarrhoea. 

What’s more, THC and CBD have anti-inflammatory properties and there are some animal studies that indicate they could help reduce gut inflammation. However, more research is needed before we can draw a line between the anti-inflammatory properties of THC and CBD in managing diarrhoea in human patients when it is caused by underlying inflammation. 

Similarly, some studies suggest medical cannabis could potentially help endometriosis patients by easing gut inflammation, regulating gut mobility and dampening pain signals. 

There’s also research that indicates that medical cannabis may be able to help patients manage mental health symptoms, including depression and anxiety, and one animal study suggested that cannabinoids might be able to prevent stress-related diarrhoea in rats. However, there’s not yet clinical evidence to suggest medical cannabis could help prevent stress-related diarrhoea in humans. 

Cannabis, the gut and the endocannabinoid system

The gut has its own endocannabinoid system, which keeps the digestive system balanced and running smoothly. It helps control digestion and movement, manages pain signalling and inflammation, and is linked to the gut-brain axis, which allows the gut to send signals to the brain. This means that the gut has its own CB1 and CB2 receptors, which medical cannabis can interact with.  

When to speak to your doctor

If you experience diarrhoea accompanied by blood in your stools, unintended weight loss, abdominal pain, a high fever, signs of dehydration or persistent vomiting, or if you have diarrhoea that lasts longer than two days, please seek medical attention. 

6. FAQs

Can CBD help stop diarrhoea?

There’s no strong scientific evidence to suggest that CBD can help stop diarrhoea. However, some animal studies suggest it may be able to regulate gut motility, which could potentially stop waste passing through the intestines too quickly. However, much more research is needed before we can draw any confident conclusions on CBD’s effect on diarrhoea. 

Why does cannabis help IBS?

Some patients find that medical cannabis helps with managing gut-related IBS symptoms, including constipation, diarrhoea and stomach pain. This is thought to be due to the way medical cannabis can interact with the endocannabinoid system in the gut to slow transition, reduce inflammation and dampen pain signals. 

Is medical cannabis prescribed for Crohn's disease?

In some cases, yes, medical cannabis is prescribed for Crohn’s disease. However, each patient is assessed individually so a prescription isn’t guaranteed. Even if a clinician believes a patient may benefit from medical cannabis, they must have tried two traditional methods of managing symptoms first before you can receive a prescription.

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