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Medical Cannabis for Chronic Pain

Medical Cannabis for Chronic Pain

Yes, medical cannabis has been shown to be a potentially effective treatment option for some patients suffering from chronic pain conditions, and for those who experience chronic pain as a secondary symptom. It is not a first-line treatment, but a specialist may prescribe it as part of a wider, personalised pain-management plan.

Releaf’s world-class clinical team will review your diagnosis, treatment history and current medication to decide whether medical cannabis may be appropriate alongside your existing care.

Chronic pain

Chronic Pain

It is estimated that 50% of UK adults are affected by chronic pain. Traditional approaches to treatment often rely on medicines like pill-form opioids, which can come with debilitating side effects and the risk of dependency. Cannabis-based treatment plans are a viable alternative, providing you with regular doctor check ins and a personalised path to better health.

How Can Cannabis-Based Treatments Help?

Cannabis contains cannabinoids like THC and CBD, which could provide pain relief, anti-inflammatory effects and relaxation. It’s been legal to prescribe medical cannabis in the UK since 2018, giving thousands of people a clinically supervised alternative for managing chronic pain, including back pain (lower, middle and upper back pain), neck and shoulder pain, sciatica pain, knee pain, ankle pain, heel and foot pain, joint pain, muscle pain, wrist pain, leg and calf pain, groin pain, jaw pain, chest pain, stomach pain, ear pain and eye pain.

#1

Chronic pain as a condition or symptom is the most common reason that Releaf patients are prescribed medical cannabis

92.2%

of patients prescribed for chronic pain issues who responded to Releaf’s largest survey of active UK medical cannabis patients ever conducted reported treatment efficacy

28 million

UK adults are estimated to be living with a condition that causes chronic pain

64%

of chronic pain patients were able to reduce their need for opioids in a medical cannabis study

Articles on Chronic pain

22. 09. 2023

Can you get a medical cannabis card for chronic back pain in the UK? 

Medical cannabis is an increasingly popular treatment option for people suffering from chronic back pain. But to legally access it in the United Kingdom (UK), you need a physician registered to the General Medical Council Specialist Register to prescribe you cannabis. That means that, more than likely, your current GP won’t be able to help you get a medical cannabis prescription. NHS medical cannabis patients are not provided with a medical cannabis card, as unlike some other countries, it is not a legal requirement to carry a card. Again, if you are looking for the added protection that holding a medical cannabis card offers, then a private clinic is the best way to go.

28. 08. 2023

Is medical cannabis a viable treatment for back pain?

Despite advancements in understanding back pain, the lack of effective and lasting treatment options remains a significant challenge. Managing non-surgical back pain has been identified as a primary contributor to the current issues surrounding the overprescription of opioids. Additionally, post-operative pain management poses a complex challenge for patients undergoing spine surgery.

12. 07. 2023

What you need to know: Medical cannabis for arthritis

Patients battling arthritis often experience chronic pain, and when left untreated, the pain associated with the condition can prevent them from carrying out daily activities and living a normal, healthy, fulfilling life. While cannabis has been shown to produce over 110 cannabinoids, there are two that are really showing promise in therapeutic settings, especially when it comes to the potential reduction of symptoms of arthritis. 

What our patients say about us

You’ll be Supported By an Expert Medical Team

"Chronic pain is a lifelong condition that can be debilitating and significantly contribute to poor quality of life. The biopsychosocial model of managing chronic pain involves treating the whole person, managing their pain, and supporting them socially and psychologically. Medical cannabis tackles pain from its interaction with the endocannabinoid system by modulating pain signals, and it also can help to manage anxiety and depression that can often co-exist in chronic pain conditions."

Medical Cannabis Doctor
Dr. Farrah Ayob

Pain Specialist

GMC: 6159297

Common chronic pain symptoms

Constant pain

Fatigue

Insomnia

Joint pain

Lack of relief from OTC painkillers

Loss of appetite

Low mood

Reduced quality of life

Sleep disruption

Spasticity

Stress

Tremors

It's important to note that these symptoms are general and may not be exclusive to any specific chronic pain condition. Consulting with a healthcare professional is crucial for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plans based on individual needs.

If you're looking for an alternative to conventional medicine, cannabis-based treatments could be the answer to restore your quality of life. The first step is to find out if you're eligible.

Can medical cannabis help people with chronic pain?

Yes, medical cannabis may be considered for some eligible patients living with chronic pain when symptoms continue to affect daily life despite standard treatment.

Medical cannabis works by interacting with the body's endocannabinoid system, along with other receptor sites. The endocannabinoid system is directly connected to how we regulate pain, inflammation, and nerve signalling. When this system is supported by cannabis produced compounds, namely cannabinoids (THC and CBD), you may find that your chronic pain issues are easier to not only manage, but your overall quality of life may also improve. 

In November 2025, Releaf conducted the largest survey of active UK medical cannabis patients ever conducted. Of the 1,669 respondents, patients being treated for chronic pain made up almost half (792, or 47.5%) of all participants, and that lines up with the fact that it is also the most common reason that Releaf patients are prescribed medical cannabis. It also clearly reflects the wider national picture: the British Pain Society has estimated that close to 28 million adults in the UK live with some form of chronic pain.

How effective is medical cannabis for pain?

Here is what the 792 chronic pain patients reported in Releaf’s 2025 survey 

Measure

Result

Treatment effectiveness

Extremely or very effective

76.3%

Moderately effective

15.9%

Slightly or not effective

Less than 5%

Too early to tell

1.8%

Quality of life

Improved quality of life

96.2%

Improved ability to work or study

85.9%

Side effects

Reported no side effects

88.8%

Reported some side effects

11.2%

Confidence and stigma

Reported no experience of stigma

83.3%

Felt confident using medication outside the home

71.5%

Here’s what a few of the patients behind those numbers shared with us through their patient stories.

Brendan’s story

“I've come off antidepressants. It's been a real transformation. Although I'm disabled at the moment, the pain's not there so much. Generally speaking, it’s been a huge transformation.

I'm able to get out and about and go on walks. Since I've started using medicine from Releaf, I've got a bicycle, and I can cycle, which doesn't sound like a lot, but for me, who has been really unwell for quite a long period of time, it's fantastic.”

Maxim’s story

“For me, my pain bothers me most in the evening. Although I really did want to use the vaporiser when my medication first arrived, I decided to save my first impressions for when I knew it would make the most difference, and so I tried the cannabis oil first. I went to sleep like any other night, really, but how I felt in the morning was a remarkable difference to how I usually feel.”

Carol’s story

“With cannabis flower, I can walk better. I take fewer pills. I can play with my grandchildren, where I would struggle before. My son and my daughter-in-law are my carers, and even they've noticed a difference.

I have actually got a cake in the oven. That's the difference it's made. It's through the medical cannabis that I've been able to stand and mix it all. Before, it would have been too painful.”

How does medical cannabis help with chronic pain?

Different cannabinoids interact with the body’s regulatory systems in different ways, which is why medical cannabis treatment rarely focuses on just one compound. THC is the cannabinoid that is most associated with direct pain relief, along with relaxation and mood regulation. It has also been shown to help many chronic pain patients who have disrupted sleeping patterns caused by their long-term pain condition. 

The most recent research is showing that THC works by activating both the CB1 and CB2 receptors, the two main endocannabinoid system receptors. Both play a role in how we perceive pain, but do so in quite different ways. 

  • CB1 receptors are located in the central nervous system, throughout the brain and spinal cord, which is where the pathways that carry pain signals are concentrated, making CB1 receptors central to how the intensity of pain is both registered and potentially dampened. 

  • CB2 receptors are found in our immune and glial cells, and become activated during states of chronic inflammation. When activated, they can help modulate the immune response that drives and sustains long-term pain issues. 

CBD has a more indirect impact. While it has only a slight ability to bind to both receptors, it has been shown to reduce the rate at which our own bodily produced cannabinoids are broken down. This can help boost our natural endocannabinoid levels and support the system's own pain regulating activity.

What type of pain can medical cannabis be prescribed for in the UK?

In almost all cases, the pain must be classed as chronic. For a condition to be considered chronic, you will have had to have been dealing with these symptoms for at least 12 weeks, and those symptoms will need to be ongoing. 

Pain is a unique and very wide-ranging health issue, rarely affecting two patients in exactly the same way. It can stem from an injury, a long-term condition, or issues with nerves and the muscular system itself. It can be a constant, wearing ache or sharp flare-ups that come and go without much warning, or even both.

With this in mind, and as medical cannabis works on the underlying endocannabinoid system (and other receptor sites) rather than a single source of pain, it can be offered to patients across a vast spread of chronic pain conditions. 

Medical cannabis for arthritis is one of the more common reasons chronic pain patients come to us, but it is far from the only one. Fibromyalgia is another commonly treated condition, which causes not only widespread pain but also heavy fatigue issues, often brought on by broken sleep. ME/CFS presents in a somewhat similar way, often a vicious cycle of persistent pain and exhaustion that feed into each other

Nerve pain (neuropathy) can be one of the more difficult pain issues to properly treat with conventional options, and so it is not a huge surprise that over the past few years, we have had many patients come to us looking for help managing their neuropathic pain with medical cannabis. The same goes for trigeminal neuralgia, which brings on sudden and severe bursts of pain in the face, and endometriosis, where chronic pelvic pain is often just one part of a vast range of symptoms. 

We also regularly treat patients suffering from headaches, including migraines and cluster headaches. And as we age, back pain issues start coming to the fore for many of us, from persistent lower back pain to the sharp, life-altering pain that sciatica radiates down the legs. 

For the full list of conditions that can bring on chronic pain and may be able to be treated with a Releaf medical cannabis prescription, scroll back up to the common chronic pain conditions above. If you don’t see the condition you're currently dealing with listed, our Patient Support Team is always on hand to talk things through. 

Is medical cannabis an option when other painkillers haven't worked?

Yes, but with one important caveat. Medical cannabis is not a ‘first line’ treatment option here in the UK. For it to be potentially offered as a legal treatment option, you will need to have tried at least two conventional treatment options first, and found that they either didn't bring the symptom relief you need or came with side effects that affected your day to day well-being. 

How do you access medical cannabis for pain in the UK?

While medical cannabis has been a fully legal treatment option here in the UK since 2018, it must be prescribed by a specialist doctor on the GMC Specialist Register. GPs cannot initially prescribe it, but can help with ongoing care once a specialist has started your treatment, as can a nurse. 

Releaf’s world-class clinical team is made up of over 60 specialists, GPs, and nurses, all with the extensive training and experience in supporting patients just like you through their medical cannabis treatment journey.

Getting started is as simple as heading to our fast and free medical cannabis eligibility checker. It takes all of 30 seconds to complete, comes with zero obligations, and may be your first step towards better health. 

For more info, head to our page explaining the full prescription process.