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Glossary

Phytocannabinoids

Phytocannabinoids are a group of compounds produced by the Cannabis sativa L. genus, which includes cannabis and hemp. They are naturally occurring and have been found to interact with the body's endocannabinoid system, which is responsible for regulating a range of psychological and physiological processes.

What are the most common phytocannabinoids?

 

THC and CBD are the most prevalent cannabinoids found in most cannabis plants. THC, or tetrahydrocannabinol, is the intoxicating compound that induces the "high" experience associated with recreational cannabis use, along with a range of therapeutic effects. CBD, or cannabidiol, does not produce any intoxicating effects, but is still classed as a psychoactive compound due to its ability to influence brain function and mood.

Other phyotcannabinoids include:

  • CBG (cannabigerol)
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  • CBC (cannabichromene)
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  • CBN (cannabinol)
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  • THCV (tetrhydrocannabivarin)
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  • CBDA (cannabidiolic acid)
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  • THCA (tetrahydrocannabinolic acid)

  

What is the difference between endocannabinoids and phytocannabinoids?

 

Phytocannabinoids are produced by plants, while endocannabinoids are produced by the human body. Endocannabinoids make up one part of the endocannabinoid system and help regulate functions such as mood, pain, inflaammation, and appetite. Certain phytocannabinoids have the ability to also bind with the endocannabinoid system receptors and can also interact with other receptor groups, leading to a range of effects.

 

How do phytocannabinoids work? 

 

That depends on the specific phytocannabinoid.

Some phytocannabinoids, like THC, bind directly to receptors in the system, while others, like CBD, interact indirectly with it. Both have also been shown to interact with other receptors in the body, such as serotonin and vanilloid receptors, which may contribute to the therapeutic effects of medical cannabis.

To find out if you are eligible for medical cannabis treatment in the UK, check out our fast and free medical cannabis eligibility checker.

If you would like to learn more about medical cannabis in the UK, Releaf is here to help. In addition to this medical cannabis glossary, we have an extensive blog and education hub to explore, both filled with resources that UK medical cannabis patients, prescribers, and educators have been asking for.