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Glossary

THC: Tetrahydrocannabinol

THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is one of the six 'major' cannabinoids produced by cannabis, and along with CBD, one of the two found in the highest concentrations in most cannabis cultivars. THC is the primary psychoactive component of cannabis, offering feelings of euphoria, relaxation, and altered perception when consumed, as well as many medical benefits.

Is THC legal in the UK?

 

Yes, but only when it has been prescribed by a specialist doctor listed on the General Medical Council's "Specialist Register" as part of a cannabis-based treatment plan. Recreational cannabis is still illegal in the UK, but medical cannabis has been legal since November 2018.

Therapeutically, it has been shown to offer patients relief from a wide array of symptoms and health issues, including pain, sleeping disorders, neurological issues, cancer treatment side effects, and mental health concerns.

 

How does THC work?

 

THC interacts with the CB1 receptors in the body's endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is responsible for maintaining homeostasis (balance) and regulating a surprisingly wide range of both physical and mental processes.

When THC binds to these receptors, it can produce various effects, including pain relief, relaxation, changes in appetite, and altered mood and perception.

 

How is THC different from CBD?

 

While both THC and CBD are cannabinoids that interact with ECS, they do so in different ways. THC binds directly to CB1 receptors, while CBD works in a more indirect way by reducing the enzymatic breakdown of our own endocannabinoids and interacting with other receptors in the body.

 

Does THC have side effects?

 

Yes, like all medications, THC can have side effects. These are classed as mild, and THC has been shown to offer patients a very high safety profile. Common side effects of THC include red eyes, dry mouth, increased heart rate or blood pressure, and short-term memory impairment.

To find out if you are eligible for medical cannabis treatment in the UK, check out our fast and free medical cannabis eligibility checker.

If you would like to learn more about medical cannabis in the UK, Releaf is here to help. In addition to this medical cannabis glossary, we have an extensive blog and education hub to explore, both filled with resources that UK medical cannabis patients, prescribers, and educators have been asking for.