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6 min read
Emily Ledger
Every August, the National Psoriasis Foundation hosts Psoriasis Action Month - a time dedicated to raising awareness around this common disease and providing advice and support to those affected. Despite affecting an estimated 125 million people worldwide, the impact of psoriasis is still not widely understood.
In honour of Psoriasis Action Month, we want to shine a light on psoriasis, its symptoms, conventional treatments, and the place of medical cannabis within this setting.
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease in which the immune system becomes overactive, causing skin cells to multiply too quickly. As a result, patches of skin become scaly as new skin platelets force older platelets to shed. Psoriasis most commonly manifests on the scalp, elbows, and knees but other parts of the body can also be affected.
Psoriasis can vary significantly in severity and many people with the condition may experience periods with few or no symptoms, followed by periods of “flare-ups”.
There are several types of psoriasis, including:
Erythrodermic psoriasis: A rare, severe form of psoriasis that causes inflamed, scaly skin over most of the body. It often develops in individuals with another form of psoriasis that is not well controlled.
In people with psoriasis, T-cells, one of the main types of cells used by the immune system, begin to attack healthy skin cells by mistake. This causes the body to produce skin cells more rapidly than usual (producing new skin cells in a cycle approximately every 3 to 7 days, as opposed to every 3 to 4 weeks). This, in turn, triggers the immune system to produce more T-cells.
The exact cause of psoriasis is not fully understood; however, the associated problems with the immune system may be linked to genetics and environmental factors.
Psoriasis often runs in families, which means individuals who have a family member with psoriasis may be more likely to develop the condition themselves. Current research indicates a number of genes may be linked to the development of psoriasis; however, having these genes doesn’t always mean you will develop the condition.
Psoriasis flare-ups may be linked to external triggers, such as injury to the skin (this is known as the Koebner response), drinking excessive amounts of alcohol, smoking, hormonal changes, stress, certain medications, and suffering from infections or other immune disorders.
Psoriasis treatment can vary depending on the type of psoriasis, the severity of symptoms, and the location of the affected area. However, treatment typically starts with milder therapies, such as topical creams or ointments that are applied directly to the skin. Topical treatments for psoriasis may be purchased over the counter or prescribed by a doctor and can include:
In more severe cases, or when the condition isn’t responding well to first-line treatments, patients may be referred to a dermatologist. In these cases, phototherapy, which involves exposing the affected area to different types of ultraviolet light, may be prescribed.
In severe cases or cases in which other treatments have not been successful, systemic treatments may be considered. This can include non-biological (usually in the form of tablets ot capsules) or biological (usually administered as injections) therapies.
Some non-biological systemic medications for psoriasis include methotrexate, ciclosporin, and acitretin. Biological medications can include etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, and ustekinumab.
While these treatments can be effective, they can also have potentially serious side effects, making constant monitoring essential.
Since medical cannabis was legalised in the UK in 2018, specialist doctors have been permitted to prescribe cannabis-based medicines for a wide range of conditions, including psoriasis. Just like other forms of psoriasis treatment, cannabinoids can be applied topically to the affected area of the skin.
Medical cannabis for psoriasis may now be considered when other treatment options have proven unsuccessful at managing symptoms, or need to be discontinued due to associated side effects. But how could medical cannabis work for psoriasis?
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a regulatory system, made up of receptors, neurotransmitters, and enzymes, that is expressed throughout our central nervous and immune systems. Cannabinoid receptors within this system can be found in almost all areas of our bodies - including our skin.
Phytocannabinoids, such as CBD and THC, have been found to interact with the ECS to trigger a number of physiological responses, including regulation of pain and inflammation, and oxidative stress.
In recent years, this has led to increased research into the potential of cannabinoids in the treatment of psoriasis. Indeed, past studies have concluded that cannabinoids may be beneficial in reducing inflammation, pain, and itching - all of which are common symptoms of psoriasis.
Moreover, a 2006 study concluded that cannabinoids can inhibit the rapid reproduction of skin cells, “supporting a potential role for cannabinoids in the treatment of psoriasis.” Another study, published in 2019, found that psoriasis patients treated with CBD ointment twice daily experienced significant improvements in their condition.
The increased interest in cannabinoids, and CBD in particular, for the treatment of psoriasis, has understandably resulted in many patients turning to commercially available over-the-counter remedies. Indeed, there are many topical CBD products now available in the UK and many other countries. However, it is important to note that these products are not manufactured to the same high standards as approved medical cannabis products.
Psoriasis is one of the many conditions for which Releaf can prescribe cannabis-based medicines. A growing body of evidence suggests that topical medical cannabis products may be able to provide relief from common psoriasis symptoms where other conventional treatments have failed. Learn more about medical cannabis for psoriasis, and how Releaf works today.
It is important to seek medical advice before starting any new treatments. The patient advisors at Releaf are available to provide expert advice and support. Alternatively, click here to book a consultation with one of our specialist doctors.
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Am I eligible?Emily, an accomplished content writer with a specialisation in cannabis and alternative health, leverages her five years in the sector to enhance education and diminish stigma around medicinal cannabis use.
All of our articles are written by medical cannabis experts, guided by strict sourcing guidelines, and reference peer-reviewed studies and credible academic research. Our expert clinical team and compliance specialists provide valuable insights to ensure accuracy when required. Learn more in our editorial policy.
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