Active Ingredient
The active ingredient refers to the specific substance or component in a product that has a direct effect on the body. In medical cannabis, active ingredients such as cannabinoids and terpenes are responsible for the therapeutic effects, helping reduce the burden of symptoms like pain, anxiety, or inflammation.
What is an active ingredient in medical cannabis?
The two main groups of active ingredients in medical cannabis are cannabinoids and terpenes.
How do active ingredients in cannabis work?
Cannabinoids like THC and CBD have a surprisingly similar chemical structure to the natural chemicals produced by our bodies, known as endocannabinoids. This similarity allows them to interact with specific receptors in the brain and body, which produces a range of therapeutic effects.
Terpenes are aromatic compounds but have also been shown to have therapeutic benefits. They work in synergy with cannabinoids, enhancing their effects and providing additional benefits such as anti-inflammatory or sedative properties. This is known as the entourage effect.
Are there other active ingredients in medical cannabis besides THC, CBD and terpenes?
Yes, THC and CBD are the two 'major' cannabinoids, but Cannabis Sativa L. contains over 110 other 'minor' cannabinoids. CBN, THCV, CBG, and CBC are just a few examples of lesser-known cannabinoids that researchers are currently studying for their potential medicinal properties.
How does the concentration of active ingredients affect treatment?
The concentration of active ingredients like THC and CBD determines the potency and effects of medical cannabis.
Options with more THC may provide stronger pain relief but can cause psychoactive effects. CBD heavy strains, on the other hand, have little to no psychoactive effects but can potentially provide relief for conditions like epilepsy and anxiety. Strains with a balanced ratio of THC to CBD may offer a combination of both pain relief and reduced psychoactivity.
To find out if you are eligible for medical cannabis treatment in the UK, check out our fast and free medical cannabis eligibility checker.
If you would like to learn more about medical cannabis in the UK, Releaf is here to help. In addition to this medical cannabis glossary, we have an extensive blog and education hub to explore, both filled with resources that UK medical cannabis patients, prescribers, and educators have been asking for.